Purpose: Read the Bible text and the Bible lesson, then practice English through vocabulary, comprehension, speaking, reflection, and writing.
Recommended Level: A2–B1
1) Before You Read
Think about these questions before you begin.
- What makes a friendship strong?
- Have you ever helped a friend when it cost you something?
- Why is loyalty important when life becomes difficult?
2) Reading Step 1: Bible Text
Open and read 1 Samuel 18:1-4; 20:16-17, 32-34, 42; 2 Samuel 1:26-27; 21:7. Read slowly. If possible, read the Bible text out loud.
- What did Jonathan feel toward David after David spoke with Saul?
- What covenant did Jonathan make with David?
- What did Jonathan give to David?
- How did Jonathan defend David before Saul?
3) Reading Step 2: Bible Lesson
Now read Courageous and Sacrificial Friendship. This lesson explains the Bible text and helps you think about faith, loyalty, courage, sacrifice, and friendship.
- Why were Jonathan and David kindred spirits?
- How did Jonathan show faith in the LORD before he became David’s friend?
- Why was Jonathan’s gift of his robe, armor, sword, bow, and belt important?
4) Vocabulary
| Word/Phrase | Meaning | Your Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| covenant | a serious promise or agreement between people before God | |
| sacrificial | willing to give up something valuable for another person or a good purpose | |
| friendship | a close relationship of love, trust, and care | |
| robe | an outer garment that can show rank or honor | |
| armor | protective covering worn by a soldier in battle | |
| faithfulness | being loyal, dependable, and true | |
| kindred spirits | people who share similar hearts, values, or beliefs | |
| oath | a solemn promise, often made before God |
5) Comprehension Questions
- Who loved David as his own soul?
- What did Jonathan give to David in 1 Samuel 18:4?
- Why was Saul angry with David?
- What did Jonathan ask Saul about David?
- Why did David later spare Mephibosheth?
6) Reflection Questions
- Why do you think Jonathan was willing to help David?
- What does this passage teach about true friendship?
- How can courage and friendship work together?
- Why is it hard to be loyal when other people are angry?
- What can Christians learn from Jonathan and David’s covenant?
7) Speaking Practice
Say your answers out loud. If you are studying with a tutor or friend, discuss your answers together.
- Retell the story of Jonathan and David in your own words.
- Explain this sentence: “Jonathan loved David as his own soul.”
- Describe a good friend using three adjectives, then explain your choices.
8) Writing Practice
Choose one writing task.
- Option A: Write 6–8 sentences summarizing Jonathan and David’s friendship.
- Option B: Write one paragraph explaining why Jonathan’s friendship was courageous and sacrificial.
- Option C: Write one paragraph about how a Christian can show loyal friendship today.
9) Final Thought
Jonathan and David shared a friendship built on faith in the LORD, loyal love, courage, and sacrifice. Jonathan gave David gifts that showed honor and trust, defended him when Saul was angry, and kept his covenant with him. This Bible study reminds us that true friendship is faithful, courageous, and willing to serve another person.